2015年12月3日雅思阅读机经分析-环球教育官网

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2015年12月3日雅思阅读机经分析

2015-12-04

来源：环球教育

小编：环球教育 88

摘要：

考试日期：

2015年12月3日

Reading Passage 1

Title

Deep Sea Fish动物旧

Question types:

判断6 题

1. T

he expected to see darkness under 15meters

2. F

他第一次怀疑这种物质起作用是在德国

3. NG

4. F

5. T

6. T

填空 7题

7.communication

8.eyes

9.location

10.enemies

11.species

12.待定

13.seahorse

文章内容

文章大意：

一个德国科学家在埃及红海潜水想看看15m以下到底有没有红光（理论上是没有任何光线的）。结果在海底20m的地方看见了红色的鱼。即使取下红色滤光片用肉眼也可以看见。在这个深度不可能有光线，所以猜想是激发荧光，但是没有设备验证，只能尽可能多地拍照片。回德国之后证实了确实是激发荧光，50种鱼都有这种荧光，是皮下的细胞里的晶体里发出的，不是晶体本身，可能是晶体里的荧光蛋白，这个蛋白可能是细菌制造的。鱼用这个红光来识别种群，标识位置，吓退敌人，掩盖自己，捕捉猎物。

相关背景：

The fish of the deep-sea are among the strangest and most elusive creatures on Earth. In this deep unknown lie many unusual creatures that have yet to be studied. Since many of these fish live in regions where there is no natural illumination, they cannot rely solely on their eyesight for locating prey and mates and avoiding predators; deep-sea fish have evolved appropriately to the extreme sub-photic region in which they live. Many of these organisms are blind and rely on their other senses, such as sensitivities to changes in local pressure and smell, to catch their food and avoid being caught. Those that aren’t blind have large and sensitive eyes that can use bioluminescent light. These eyes can be as much as 100 times more sensitive to light than human eyes. Also, to avoid predation, many species are dark to blend in with their environment.

Many deep-sea fish are bioluminescent, with extremely large eyes adapted to the dark. Bioluminescent organisms are capable of producing light biologically through the agitation of molecules of Lucifer in, which then produce photons of light. This process must be done in the presence of oxygen. These organisms are common in the mesopelagic region and below (200m and below). More than 50% of deep-sea fish as well as some species of shrimp and squid are capable of bioluminescence.

About 80% of these organisms have phosphors–light producing glandular cells that contain luminous bacteria bordered by dark colorings. Some of these phosphors contain lenses, much like those in the eyes of humans, which can intensify or lessen the emanation of light. The ability to produce light only requires 1% of the organism's energy and has many purposes: It is used to search for food and attract prey, like the anglerfish; claim territory through patrol; communicate and find a mate; and distract or temporarily blind predators to escape. Also, in the mesopelagic where some light still penetrates, some organisms camouflage themselves from predators below them by illuminating their bellies to match the color and intensity of light from above so that no shadow is cast. This tactic is known as counter illumination.

The life cycle of deep-sea fish can be exclusively deep water although some species are born in shallower water and sink upon maturation. Regardless of the depth where eggs and larvae reside, they are typically pelagic. This planktonic –drifting –lifestyle requires neutral buoyancy. In order to maintain this, the eggs and larvae often contain oil droplets in their plasma. When these organisms are in their fully matured state they need other adaptations to maintain their positions in the water column. In general, water’s density causes upthrust –the aspect of buoyancy that makes organisms float. To counteract this, the density of an organism must be greater than that of the surrounding water. Most animal tissues are denser than water, so they must find an equilibrium to make them float. Many organisms develop swim bladders (gas cavities) to stay afloat, but because of the high pressure of their environment, deep-sea fishes usually do not have this organ. Insteadthey exhibit structures similar to hydrofoils in order to provide hydrodynamic lift. It has also been found that the deeper a fish lives, the more jelly-like its flesh and the more minimal its bone structure. They reduce their tissue density through high fat content, reduction of skeletal weight –accomplished through reductions of size, thickness, and mineral content –and water accumulation makes them slower and less agile than surface fish.

Reading Passage 2

Title:

American Cinema 发展史类 旧

Question types:

LOH 7题

15.V

19.VII

单选2题

21.C

在拍了一些short film 之后

22.D

句子配对4题

文章内容

相似背景：

相关英文原文阅读:

The history of film is an account of the historical development of the medium known variously as cinema, motion pictures, film, or the movies.

The history of film spans over 100 years, from the latter part of the 19th century to the present day. Motion pictures developed gradually from a carnival novelty to one of the most important tools of communication and entertainment, and mass media in the 20th century and into the 21st century. Most films before 1930 were silent. Motion picture films have substantially affected arts, technology, and politics.

The cinema was invented during the 1890's, during what is now called the industrial revolution. It was considered a cheaper, simpler way to provide entertainment to the masses. Movies would become the most popular visual art form of the late Victorian age. It was simpler because of the fact that before the cinema people would have to travel long distances to see major dioramas or amusement parks. With the advent of the cinema this changed. During the first decade of the cinema's existence, inventors worked to improve the machines for making and showing films. The cinema is a complicated medium, and before it could be invented, several technological requirements had to be met.

文章分析

文章类型类似可以参照：The History of Tortoise ，这篇文章属于发展史类文章，文章一般均是按照时间顺序写的，因此文章的逻辑框架很清楚，脉络明了，中等难度。

Reading Passage 3

Title:

Dark side of Technological Boom 科技类 旧

Question types:

句子配对3 题

人名配观点6 题

判断5题

36 F

37 T

38 NG

39 F

40 T

文章内容

相似背景：

They might be ancient graffiti tags left by a worker or symbols of religious significance. A robot has sent back the first images of markings on the wall of a tiny chamber in the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt that have not been seen for 4500 years. It has also helped settle the controversy about the only metal known to exist in the pyramid, and shows a “door” that could lead to another hidden chamber.

The pyramid is thought to have been built as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu, and is the last of the seven wonders of the ancient world still standing. It contains three main chambers: the Queen’s Chamber, the Grand Gallery and the King’s Chamber, which has two air shafts connecting it with the outside world. Strangely, though, there are two tunnels, about 20 centimeters by 20 centimeters, that extend from the north and south walls of the Queen’s Chamber and stop at stone doors before they reach the outside of the pyramid (see diagram).

The function of these tunnels and doors is unknown, but some believe that one or both could lead to a secret chamber. Egypt’s Minister of State for Antiquities Affairs, describes the doors as the last great mystery of the pyramid.

Several attempts have been made to explore the tunnels using robots. In 1993, a robot crawled some 63 meters up the tunnel in the south wall and discovered what appeared to be a small stone door set with metal pins. Metal is not part of any other known structure in the pyramid, and the discovery ignited speculation that the pins were door handles, keys or even parts of a power supply constructed by aliens.

It filmed a small chamber backed by a large blocking stone, but little else. Now a robot designed by engineer from the University of Leeds, UK, and colleagues, and named Djedi after the magician that Khufu consulted when he planned his tomb, has crawled up the tunnel carrying a bendy “micro snake” camera that can see around corners.

Images sent back by the camera have revealed hieroglyphs written in red paint and lines in the stone that could be marks left by stone masons when the chamber was being carved “If these hieroglyphs could be deciphered they could help Egyptologists work out why these mysterious shafts were built,” says Richardson.

难度分析

本场难度一般，没有新话题，抽象话题，第一篇最简单，第二和三篇稍难，配对题比重增加，填空题比重略下降。所以烤鸭们应该花时间加强对各类题型的把握和训练，必考题如判断和填空争取不失分，难题多拿分。这样才能在雅思阅读中发挥最佳水平。

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